Glossary

Also called the Forer-effect; describes the tendency of people to perceive general and vague statements as an accurate description of themselves.

defined by Lea Sperlich

Statements that are general and vague and therefore apply to most people; e.g. B. “In some situations you are extraverted, in some situations you are more introverted.”

defined by Lea Sperlich

Treatment based on the premise that behavior is learned and therefore can be unlearned through the use of classical and operant conditioning (Gazzaniga et al., 2016, p. 658). Also see the entries for “classical conditioning” and “operant conditioning.”

defined by Arash Emamzadeh

a scientific explanation of actions, thoughts and feelings as behavior, without recourse to subjectivity; no difference is considered to exist between subjective and objective events

defined by Clare Jonas

is “a set of interrelated attitudes toward women that are sexist in terms of viewing women stereotypically and in restricted roles but that are subjectively positive in feeling tone (for the perceiver) and also tend to elicit behaviors typically categorized as prosocial (e.g., helping) or intimacy-seeking (e.g., self-disclosure)” (Glick & Fiske, 1996, p.491); it is one of the dimensions of Ambivalent Sexism, the second dimension of Ambivalent Sexism is hostile sexism

defined by Philippe Bernard

when a lineup is constructed so that one individual (usually the suspect) stands out from the rest; if non-witnesses (people who did not witness the crime and have never seen the perpetrator) are shown the lineup and given the description of the perpetrator, a lineup biased towards the suspect will result in many of these non-witnesses accurately identifying the suspect

defined by Nina Tupper

Binding (in cognitive psychology). Mental integration or linkage between different features into a coherent perceptual impression (i.e., an object) or a planned action.

defined by Carina Giesen, Markus Janczyk, David Dignath, Roland Pfister, Birte Moeller

is a belief that different races are distinct biological groups

defined by Chris Buchholz

Black, Indigenous, and People of Color. A self-designation of individuals who experience racism and feel they belong to one of these groups, or who do not define themselves as White or are perceived as non-White.

defined by Birte Siem

a preoccupation with the subjective evaluation of one’s body 

defined by Bindal Makwana

a negative subjective evaluation of one’s own body

defined by Bindal Makwana

an individual’s subjective mental representation of his or her own body

defined by Bindal Makwana

Establishing a relationship of cooperation and trust between people.

defined by Mikaela Magnusson

the general phenomenon in which the individual’s likelihood to help is decreased when there are more people around. People are less likely to provide help when there are more bystanders around

defined by Janneke Schilder

persons who are around, refers in this article to the number of people present in an emergency situation who are able to provide help

defined by Janneke Schilder