Variations in pitch, loudness, rhythm, voice quality and tempo (rate of speaking) during speech. The tone of voice is also referred to as “prosody”.
References:R. L. Trask and P. Stockwell, Language and linguistics: The key concepts / R.L. Trask ; edited by Peter Stockwell, 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2007.G. Chronaki, M. Wigelsworth, M. D. Pell, and S. A. Kotz, “The development of cross-cultural recognition of vocal emotion during childhood and adolescence,” Scientific reports, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 8659, 2018, doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26889-1.
defined by Zoé Nikolakis, Sebastian Wallot, Oliver Genschow